Lectura · C2

Ambigüedad

Lectura C2 · ironía, narrador interesado y doble sentido

ObjetivoTres textos en los que el sentido va en contra de las palabras. No hay respuestas únicas: las preguntas te piden defender una lectura con evidencia del texto.

Cómo leer a este nivel

En C1 cada narrador tenía su versión. Aquí el texto trabaja contra sí mismo: lo que se afirma choca con lo que se demuestra.

Los tres son textos que existen en la vida real — un comunicado de prensa, unas notas para quien te reemplaza en el trabajo, un brindis en una boda — y en los tres la ironía no está señalada.

Dos advertencias:

  • No busques la interpretación correcta. Varias preguntas admiten más de una respuesta; lo que cuenta es si puedes citar el texto para sostener la tuya.
  • Fíjate en las cosas pequeñas: una palabra demasiado amable, una frase que se puede leer de dos maneras, algo que se agradece cuando debería pedirse perdón.

El primero es corto: léelo en voz alta, con el tono de un comunicado oficial.

Texto 1 · corto

A statement

C2~251 palabras

A statement from the management of Hotel Miramar, Cartagena

We are aware of a video circulating on social media in which a guest appears to be refused entry to our rooftop bar.

We want to be absolutely clear. Hotel Miramar welcomes guests of every background, and always has. Our door policy is applied to everyone equally, according to criteria which, for reasons of security, are not made public.

The employee concerned has been spoken to, and has since been moved to a position in which he is no longer required to make decisions at the door. The guest concerned has been offered a complimentary dinner, which, we understand, has not yet been accepted. The video was recorded without the hotel’s permission, and we are considering our options.

We regret any offence that may have been taken. We recognise that the video, viewed out of context, may give an impression that does not reflect our values. We are therefore reviewing our values, to ensure that they are reflected more clearly in future.

We would also like to thank the many loyal guests who have written to us in support, some of whom have been coming to the Miramar since it opened, and none of whom has ever had any difficulty at the door.

The Miramar has served Cartagena for forty years. In that time we have learned that the best response to a misunderstanding is not to argue, but to listen. We are listening.

Comments on this post have been turned off.

Vocabulario

  • circulating — circulando
  • door policy — política de admisión
  • complimentary — de cortesía, gratis
  • offence — ofensa
  • loyal — fiel

Comprensión

Toca una pregunta para ver su respuesta.

  1. What does the hotel never actually say happened, or why?

    That the guest was refused, or why — only that he “appears to be” refused, under secret criteria.

  2. “We regret any offence that may have been taken.” Who is responsible for the offence, according to this sentence?

    The person who took offence — not the hotel that gave it.

  3. What happened to the employee and to the person who filmed? Who is being punished?

    The employee was quietly moved; the hotel threatens the filmer. Those who exposed it are punished, not the policy.

  4. What is wrong with “We are therefore reviewing our values”?

    It is the values, not the behaviour, that will be changed — so they match what the hotel does.

  5. Why is the paragraph about loyal guests the most damaging in the statement?

    It reveals who has never had difficulty at the door — implying who does.

  6. How does the last line contradict the paragraph before it?

    They say they are listening, then switch off the comments.

  7. Does the writer of this statement know what it reveals? Defend your answer.

    Open — it could be careless, or a staff member’s quiet sabotage.

Texto 2 · medio

Notes for my replacement

C2~417 palabras

Welcome. I have been asked to leave a few notes for my replacement, which is you, and I am happy to, because I want this to go smoothly for you, and because I suspect nobody else will.

The job is straightforward. You will report to Gustavo. Gustavo is a very good manager, in the sense that things are managed. On your first day he will tell you that his door is always open. This is true. It is open because the handle has been broken since 2019; I reported it four times.

Most of the work arrives on Monday morning, for Thursday. You will be told it is urgent. It is not urgent, but it will become urgent at about four o’clock on Wednesday, when Gustavo reads it. I recommend that you finish everything by Tuesday and say nothing. If you mention that it is finished, it will be changed.

Meetings are on Wednesdays at nine. They begin at ten. Gustavo will ask what everyone thinks, and will then write down what he thought before he asked. Do not take this personally; he does it to everyone, including, I suspect, himself.

Expenses are approved by his assistant, Liliana, who is the most powerful person in the building and the only one who will tell you so to your face. Be kind to her. I was, and it is the one decision here I have never regretted.

The quarterly report is written by you and presented by Gustavo. It is a good report, and he presents it well. Last year he received an award for it, which is on the shelf behind his desk, and I was very pleased for him.

The password for the shared drive is on a yellow note under the keyboard. Please change it. I never did, because nobody but me ever used the shared drive, and I find I have become sentimental about it.

You may hear people say that I was difficult. I would only ask you to notice who says it, and when, and whether they have ever been in the office after six.

Finally, there is a plant on the windowsill. It is called Hernán, and nobody else waters him. I am taking almost everything else with me, but I am leaving Hernán, because he is the only thing in this office that has never pretended to be something he isn’t, and I think you will need the company.

Good luck. I mean that more than it probably sounds.

— M.

Vocabulario

  • replacement — reemplazo
  • report to — depender de (un jefe)
  • handle — manija
  • shared drive — carpeta compartida
  • sentimental — sentimental
  • windowsill — alféizar, borde de la ventana

Comprensión

Toca una pregunta para ver su respuesta.

  1. Find two compliments to Gustavo that are actually criticisms.

    “A very good manager, in the sense that things are managed”; “his door is always open” — because it is broken.

  2. What does the paragraph about the quarterly report imply, without saying it?

    M. did the work and Gustavo took the credit — and the award.

  3. Is “I was very pleased for him” sincere? What makes you think so?

    Almost certainly not — it follows the award M. earned and didn’t get.

  4. What does the password note reveal about M.’s position in the office?

    Nobody else used the shared drive — M. did the real work alone.

  5. How does M. answer the accusation of being “difficult” without denying it?

    By pointing at who says it — people who never stay late — and letting the reader judge.

  6. Why does M. leave the plant? What is M. really saying about the office?

    Everyone and everything else there pretends; the new person will be lonely.

  7. Is M. a reliable narrator? Defend your reading.

    Open — the details are specific and convincing, but every one of them serves M.’s case.

Texto 3 · largo

A toast

C2~601 palabras

Good evening. For those who don’t know me, I’m Natalia, Daniela’s older sister, which means I have known her longer than anyone here except our parents. Daniela asked me — last Tuesday — to say a few words, so I will try to keep it to a few.

Daniela has always been the one people remember. When she was four, she sang at our cousin’s first communion without being asked, and the priest, who was not an easily moved man, applauded. I was nine. I had been practising the reading for a month. Nobody remembers the reading, and that is as it should be. Some people are born to be applauded and some are born to be reliable, and our family has always been grateful to have one of each.

She was the first of us to learn to swim, although she was younger. She was the one who got into the university in Bogotá — not the one I went to, the other one — and the one who came home every December with a new accent and a new opinion, both of which we loved. When she chose music instead of medicine, our father did not speak to her for a month. Then he spoke to me for a month, about her, which I like to think helped.

When she was seven, she broke our grandmother’s vase, the one from Spain, and she cried so beautifully that our grandmother apologised to her. I was in the garden at the time. I was blamed anyway, on the grounds that I was older and should have been watching. I have been watching ever since.

And now she has found Andrés. Andrés, I have known you for two years, and I liked you immediately — not least because you were the first of Daniela’s boyfriends to ask me a question about myself. It was where the bathroom was, but it was a start.

A wedding, as everyone here knows, is a great deal of work, and I want to thank everyone who made today possible: the florist, the band, Andrés’s mother, who has been wonderful, and the many friends who sent Daniela messages of support while she chose the shoes. I helped where I could. I booked this hall, I wrote the invitations, I found the band, and I collected the cake at seven this morning. But it is Daniela’s day, and that is exactly as it should be.

I want to say one serious thing, because a toast should have one serious moment, and I have saved mine for the end so that nobody can leave before it.

When we were children we shared a room, and Daniela was afraid of the dark. Every night, for about six years, she asked me to leave the light on, and every night I said no. And every night, once she was asleep, I got up and turned it on, and in the morning I turned it off before she woke. She never knew. I am telling her now because she is getting married, and because from tonight it will be Andrés who has to decide what to do about the light.

Andrés: turn it on. Don’t tell her. It is the only advice I have, and it has worked for me for thirty years.

Daniela, you have always been the bright one. I hope you never have to be the reliable one. I say that with more love than you will ever know, and probably more than you would believe.

So, please, raise your glasses. To Daniela and Andrés — and to the light, which was on all along.

Vocabulario

  • toast — brindis
  • first communion — primera comunión
  • reliable — confiable, responsable
  • not least because — entre otras cosas porque
  • raise your glasses — levanten las copas

Comprensión

Toca una pregunta para ver su respuesta.

  1. List three ways Natalia compares herself with Daniela.

    The song and the reading; swimming first; the better university; music instead of medicine.

  2. “Last Tuesday.” Why does Natalia mention when she was asked?

    It suggests she was asked late — perhaps as an afterthought.

  3. What is the effect of “not the one I went to, the other one”?

    It praises Daniela while reminding everyone that her own university was the lesser one.

  4. Who organised the wedding, according to Natalia, and how does she make sure everyone knows?

    She did — the hall, invitations, band and cake — listed as if in passing, after thanking everyone else.

  5. The joke about Andrés’s question is funny. What else does it say?

    That nobody in Daniela’s life usually asks Natalia about herself.

  6. What does the story about the light reveal about Natalia, and about their relationship?

    She cared for Daniela in secret for years, without credit — she was always the reliable one.

  7. “I hope you never have to be the reliable one.” Is this a blessing, a complaint, or both?

    Open — it wishes her an easy life, and names the cost Natalia paid for hers.

  8. “More love than you will ever know, and probably more than you would believe.” Why “believe”?

    It admits the toast might sound bitter — and asks to be read as love anyway.

  9. Is this a loving toast or a resentful one? Defend your answer with two quotations.

    Open — the best answers argue it is both.

Localiza el mecanismo

Cada frase de los textos hace algo distinto de lo que dice. Explica en una línea qué hace en realidad.

Contesta primero; luego toca «Ver respuesta».

  1. «We regret any offence that may have been taken.» → (pasa la culpa a quien se ofendió)
    Ver respuesta

    Lamenta que alguien se ofendiera, no lo que hizo el hotel.

  2. «We are listening.» → (mira la línea siguiente)
    Ver respuesta

    Lo contradice el cierre de los comentarios.

  3. «I was very pleased for him.» → (el premio era por su trabajo)
    Ver respuesta

    Es un reproche disfrazado de felicitación.

  4. «Not the one I went to, the other one.» → (un elogio con espina)
    Ver respuesta

    Elogia a Daniela y recuerda la diferencia entre las dos.

A cierta altura la luz no se va nunca, y tampoco deja ver mejor.
A cierta altura la luz no se va nunca, y tampoco deja ver mejor.

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